Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg is a synthetic small-molecule research compound formulated as a selective pan-agonist of the Estrogen-Related Receptor (ERR) family, specifically targeting ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ. Investigated extensively in preclinical rodent models and in vitro cellular assays, this compound serves as a critical molecular probe for analyzing oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and metabolic transcription pathways. PX1 Research provides high-purity Slu-Pp-332 strictly for laboratory and in vitro evaluation.
Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg is a synthetic small-molecule research compound formulated as a selective pan-agonist of the Estrogen-Related Receptor (ERR) family, specifically targeting ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ. Investigated extensively in preclinical rodent models and in vitro cellular assays, this compound serves as a critical molecular probe for analyzing oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and metabolic transcription pathways. PX1 Research provides high-purity Slu-Pp-332 strictly for laboratory and in vitro evaluation.
Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg is a synthetic pan-agonist of the Estrogen-Related Receptors (ERRs) designed for high-affinity activation of ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ nuclear receptors. Supplied as a lyophilized research compound in a 0.5mg unit mass, it enables laboratory investigators to evaluate nuclear receptor signaling, cellular bioenergetics, and gene expression programs that regulate oxidative skeletal muscle transformation without native hormonal activity.
Discovered through structure-activity relationship optimizations at Saint Louis University, Slu-Pp-332 acts as an exercise mimetic in preclinical literature. Because ERR signaling targets genes responsible for fatty acid oxidation and electron transport chain efficiency, researchers utilize Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg to dissect metabolic adaptation mechanisms independent of physical exertion or mechanical load. PX1 Research supplies this compound in precise 0.5mg aliquots to facilitate controlled, high-throughput in vitro screenings and specialized micro-dosing protocols in animal model research.
The primary mechanism of action for Slu-Pp-332 centers on its capacity to bind directly to the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of Estrogen-Related Receptors. Unlike classical estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), ERRs are orphan nuclear receptors that do not bind endogenous $17\beta$-estradiol. They function as constitutive transcription factors dependent on coactivators such as PGC-1$\alpha$ and PGC-1$\beta$. Slu-Pp-332 acts as a potent synthetic ligand that stabilizes the active conformation of ERR$\alpha$, ERR$\beta$, and ERR$\gamma$, drastically enhancing coactivator recruitment.
Preclinical binding assays indicate that Slu-Pp-332 exhibits high potency across all three isoforms, with particular activity at ERR$\alpha$ ($EC_{50} \approx 98\text{ nM}$). Upon receptor binding, the Slu-Pp-332/ERR complex translocates to the nucleus or increases binding affinity to ERR response elements (ERREs) located within promoter regions of metabolic genes. In vitro assays demonstrate elevated transcription of genes governing pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 ($PDK4$), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A ($CPT1A$), and mitochondrial transcription factor A ($TFAM$). Researchers studying metabolic signaling pathways can cross-reference these transcriptomic changes against data in our comprehensive research library.
In published preclinical rodent studies, administration of Slu-Pp-332 has demonstrated profound effects on metabolic rate, substrate utilization, and endurance capacity. Rodent models exposed to Slu-Pp-332 over multi-week experimental periods exhibited an increase in type I oxidative muscle fibers within skeletal muscle tissue, accompanied by elevated mitochondrial density. This remodeling shifted systemic energy reliance toward fatty acid oxidation, resulting in decreased fat mass accumulation despite unaltered food intake.
Furthermore, animal models evaluating physical performance demonstrated significant improvements in treadmills running distance and time to exhaustion following Slu-Pp-332 administration. Mechanistic analyses revealed that these functional enhancements stemmed from increased expression of genes related to the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Preclinical data suggest that Slu-Pp-332 enhances energy expenditure by uncoupling or maximizing mitochondrial respiratory chain capacity without inducing cardiac toxicity or baseline hemodynamic destabilization, making it a critical tool for metabolic syndrome research.
To contextualize the signaling profile of Slu-Pp-332, laboratory investigators frequently compare its efficacy and pathway specificity against other small-molecule metabolic modulators and peptide compounds. While Slu-Pp-332 directly target nuclear ERRs, alternative pathways such as PPAR$\delta$ signaling, Rev-Erb$\alpha$ agonism, and AMPK activation offer complementary mechanisms for manipulating bioenergetics in preclinical models.
For instance, GW501516 acts primarily as a selective PPAR$\delta$ agonist, driving lipid uptake and oxidation through a distinct nuclear receptor family. Similarly, SR9009 targets Rev-Erb$\alpha$ to alter circadian rhythm gene transcription and mitochondrial turnover. In contrast, mitochondrial-derived peptides like MOTS-c operate via translocation to the nucleus under metabolic stress to regulate folate purine biosynthesis and AMPK activation. Evaluating Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg alongside these distinct molecular targets enables multi-target comparative analyses of cellular energy homeostasis across our full catalog of research peptides.
Slu-Pp-332 is a lipophilic small molecule supplied as a dry lyophilized cake or powder. Due to its chemical structure and hydrophobic characteristics, direct dissolution in aqueous buffers such as standard Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) or sterile water is generally limited and may lead to precipitation. For baseline laboratory preparation, researchers routinely solubilize Slu-Pp-332 in high-purity dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or ethanol to yield a concentrated stock solution.
Once dissolved in DMSO, working concentrations can be further diluted into aqueous culture media or secondary vehicles for in vitro experiments, ensuring final solvent concentrations remain non-cytotoxic (typically $<0.1\% \text{ v/v}$ DMSO in cell culture). Reconstitution protocols should be performed under a laminar flow hood using sterile techniques to preserve sample integrity. Researchers requiring detailed solvent compatibility matrixes or solubilization calculators can access guidance through our lab account services.
In vitro investigation of Slu-Pp-332 spans several cell lines, primarily C2C12 myoblasts, primary skeletal muscle cells, and HepG2 hepatoma cell lines. In C2C12 myotube cultures, exposure to micromolar concentrations of Slu-Pp-332 induces robust upregulation of mitochondrial gene networks within 24 to 48 hours of treatment. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) assays—such as those conducted using Seahorse XF analyzers—consistently demonstrate increased basal and maximal respiration in treated cell populations.
When designing cell culture protocols, investigators must consider stability in media, incubation times, and vehicle controls. Typical in vitro working ranges for Slu-Pp-332 fall between 250 nM and 10 $\mu$M. Higher concentrations are utilized to analyze peak receptor saturation kinetics, whereas lower sub-micromolar ranges allow researchers to quantify specific $EC_{50}$ values and downstream transcript expression without confounding metabolic stress response pathways.
At PX1 Research, every batch of Slu-Pp-332 undergoes rigorous, multi-step analytical testing to guarantee consistent chemical purity and identity for laboratory applications. We utilize Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) to verify chemical purity standards ($>98\%$) and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) to confirm precise molecular mass and chemical identity relative to theoretical molecular weight targets.
In addition to structural verification, PX1 Research evaluates all research compounds for biological contaminants. Every lot is subjected to Chromogenic Recombinant Factor C (rFC) or LAL assay testing to confirm endotoxin levels fall strictly below $<0.01 \text{ EU/mg}$. Our products are manufactured in GMP-compliant facilities within the United States, and independent testing is performed by accredited ISO 17025 laboratory facilities. Researchers can instantly verify chemical specifications by viewing our lot-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA) documents.
Maintaining structural integrity and preventing degradation of Slu-Pp-332 requires adherence to recommended environmental parameters. In its desiccated, lyophilized state, Slu-Pp-332 should be stored at $-20^\circ\text{C}$ or lower in a dark freezer to protect the compound from photo-oxidation and hygroscopic moisture absorption. Under these conditions, the dry compound remains stable for up to 24 months.
Following reconstitution in solvent (such as DMSO), working stock aliquots should be divided into single-use volumes to prevent degradation caused by repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Solubilized stock solutions stored at $-80^\circ\text{C}$ typically maintain functional activity for several months, while liquid stocks maintained at $4^\circ\text{C}$ should be utilized within 7 to 14 days. Proper temperature management ensures consistent experimental reproducibility across longitudinal research trials.
PX1 Research serves as a trusted primary supplier for university laboratories, biotechnology institutions, and independent research organizations requiring verified research compounds. Operating out of dual fulfillment hubs located in California and Arizona, PX1 offers rapid same-day shipping (Monday through Friday) to minimize supply chain latency for time-sensitive experimental designs.
Institutions scaling up experimental trials or establishing recurring assay workflows can utilize our institutional procurement channels to obtain bulk quantities and lot-reserved inventory. Every shipment includes comprehensive documentation, safety data sheets (SDS), and direct access to raw HPLC and Mass Spectrometry data files. Explore specialized pricing structures and supply agreements on our wholesale accounts portal.
What is Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg used for in laboratory settings?
Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg is a research compound used exclusively in vitro and in preclinical animal models to investigate Estrogen-Related Receptor (ERR) signaling pathways, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative capacity, and cellular energy regulation. It is not for human or veterinary use.
What is the molecular mechanism of Slu-Pp-332?
Slu-Pp-332 acts as a pan-agonist for ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ orphan nuclear receptors. Binding stabilizes the active receptor conformation, promoting coactivator binding (such as PGC-1α) and triggering transcription of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation.
How should lyophilized Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg be reconstituted?
Because Slu-Pp-332 is a hydrophobic small molecule, it should first be dissolved in an organic solvent like DMSO or ethanol to establish a concentrated stock solution before diluting into aqueous assay media or secondary delivery vehicles.
What purity levels does PX1 Research guarantee for Slu-Pp-332?
PX1 Research guarantees a minimum purity of 98% for Slu-Pp-332, verified via Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) at an ISO 17025 accredited laboratory.
What are the endotoxin limits for Slu-Pp-332 supplied by PX1 Research?
All lot batches of Slu-Pp-332 undergo strict testing to ensure bacterial endotoxin levels remain below <0.01 EU/mg, preventing unspecific immune signaling responses during sensitive cellular or in vivo assays.
How should reconstituted Slu-Pp-332 solutions be stored?
Reconstituted liquid stock solutions in DMSO should be aliquoted into single-use vials and stored at -80°C to avoid freeze-thaw cycles. Lyophilized powder should be stored desiccated at -20°C.
How does Slu-Pp-332 differ from PPAR agonists like GW501516?
While both compounds influence metabolic transcription programs, Slu-Pp-332 targets the Estrogen-Related Receptor (ERR) family (ERRα/β/γ), whereas GW501516 targets the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor delta (PPARδ).
Is a Certificate of Analysis (COA) included with Slu-Pp-332 0.5mg?
Yes, every batch of Slu-Pp-332 standardly includes a downloadable, lot-specific COA detailing HPLC chromatograms, mass spec analysis, and endotoxin assay results verified by an independent third-party laboratory.
All products are sold strictly for laboratory and research use only. Not for human or veterinary use, diagnosis, treatment or consumption. Statements have not been evaluated by the FDA.