Sourcing verified AICAR liquid for sale requires strict analytical confirmation of compound identity, solvent stability, and purity. PX1 Research supplies high-purity AICAR (5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) exclusively for in vitro and preclinical research applications. Every lot undergoes rigorous HPLC, mass spectrometry, and endotoxin testing to guarantee experimental reproducibility across academic and industrial laboratories.
Sourcing verified AICAR liquid for sale requires strict analytical confirmation of compound identity, solvent stability, and purity. PX1 Research supplies high-purity AICAR (5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) exclusively for in vitro and preclinical research applications. Every lot undergoes rigorous HPLC, mass spectrometry, and endotoxin testing to guarantee experimental reproducibility across academic and industrial laboratories.
In modern cellular biology and metabolic research, acquiring reliable reagents is essential for generating reproducible data. Principal investigators evaluating options for purchasing an AICAR research compound must prioritize verified analytical purity, precise molar concentration, and documented stability over simple availability. Substandard reagents containing residual synthesis reagents or uncharacterized breakdown products introduce confounding variables into enzymatic assays and transcriptomic analyses.
PX1 Research provides laboratory-grade AICAR liquid specifically formulated to meet the requirements of advanced cell culture systems, cell-free enzyme assays, and animal tissue preparations. Designed strictly for in vitro and preclinical investigation, our formulations undergo rigorous multi-stage testing to eliminate lot-to-lot variance and ensure target activation accuracy.
AICAR, chemically identified as 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (or Acadesine), is a synthetic nucleoside analog with a molecular weight of 258.23 g/mol. Within biological systems, AICAR acts as a precursor to 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (ZMP). This structural homology to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) allows the molecule to interact directly with AMP-regulated metabolic control enzymes without altering total cellular ATP levels.
When investigating metabolic pathways in cell-based assays, maintaining the structural integrity of the imidazole backbone is critical. Exposure to unbuffered aqueous environments or improper solvent matrices can lead to degradation of the nucleoside framework. PX1 Research utilizes specialized, high-purity carrier matrices that preserve compound stability during laboratory transport and experimental storage, allowing researchers to explore our full catalog of research peptides and small molecules with complete empirical confidence.
The primary biochemical utility of AICAR in experimental models stems from its intracellular conversion into ZMP via adenosine kinase. ZMP binds specifically to the γ-subunit of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mimicking an elevated intracellular AMP/ATP ratio. This allosteric binding induces a conformational change that promotes the phosphorylation of the catalytic α-subunit at Thr-172 by upstream kinases such as LKB1.
Activated AMPK serves as a master metabolic regulator within the cell. Preclinical studies indicate that AICAR-mediated AMPK phosphorylation triggers downstream cascades, including the inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). These pathways regulate cellular energy homeostasis, making AICAR an essential reagent for investigating lipogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and glucose transport mechanism in vitro.
Extensive literature documents the utility of AICAR across diverse experimental paradigms. In rodent muscle cell models, researchers utilize AICAR to stimulate insulin-independent glucose uptake via the translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters to the plasma membrane. This mechanism provides a valuable control for evaluating metabolic throughput independent of classical insulin signaling receptor pathways.
Furthermore, in vitro assays demonstrate that sustained AMPK activation by AICAR upregulates transcription factors involved in fatty acid oxidation while downregulating lipogenic gene expression, such as fatty acid synthase (FAS) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c). In cardiac and vascular endothelium cultures, preclinical data indicate that AICAR administration facilitates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation, aiding in the investigation of vascular tone and ischemic preconditioning signaling.
Choosing between pre-solubilized AICAR liquid and raw lyophilized powder depends on specific assay workflows and throughput requirements. AICAR liquid formulations eliminate the potential for weighing errors or incomplete dissolution when working with low-volume microplate assays. Pre-formulated liquids engineered with specific co-solvent systems ensure uniform concentration across multiple experimental replicates.
However, solubilized compounds exhibit distinct kinetic profiles compared to lyophilized solids. Liquid formulations must be stabilized against hydrolytic cleavage and oxidative degradation. PX1 Research prepares AICAR liquid reagents using high-grade dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or sterile buffered vehicles under inert argon atmosphere processing. This meticulous formulation protocol prevents premature degradation, guaranteeing that delivered reagents meet stated concentrations upon receipt.
When designing comprehensive metabolic signalling experiments, investigators often compare or combine AICAR with other small molecules and mitochondrial peptides. Understanding the distinct molecular targets within this reagent class allows researchers to isolate specific nodes of cellular energy regulation.
For example, while AICAR targets AMPK via allosteric ZMP accumulation, the mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c activates AMPK downstream via the folate cycle and AICAR/ZMP metabolic intermediates. In contrast, non-nucleoside agonists like GW501516 bypass AMPK entirely, functioning as direct nuclear receptor agonists for PPARδ to upregulate fatty acid oxidation genes. Similarly, compounds such as SR9009 modulate metabolic gene networks by acting as synthetic Rev-ErbA agonists. Combining these distinct tools allows investigators to map complex metabolic cross-talk across cellular models.
Experimental reproducibility requires strict quality control measures. PX1 Research subjects every production lot of AICAR to rigorous third-party analytical evaluation before release. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) verifies chemical purity levels exceeding 98.0%, ensuring the absence of unreacted synthetic intermediates or related degradation products.
Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) confirms exact molecular mass identity, guaranteeing chemical fidelity. Additionally, because bacterial lipopolysaccharides can independently trigger inflammatory signaling pathways in cell culture and invalidate experimental outcomes, our compounds undergo Chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) testing to confirm endotoxin levels strictly below <0.01 EU/mg. Every shipment includes access to full, lot-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA) documents published within our analytical validation repository.
To preserve the stability of AICAR liquid solutions, research facilities must adhere to standardized storage protocols. Aliquots should be stored at -20°C or -80°C to prevent freeze-thaw degradation cycles. Avoid repeated exposure to ambient temperatures and direct light, as prolonged thermal cycling can alter solute concentration over time.
When preparing working solutions for cell culture applications, investigators should dilute stock AICAR liquid into appropriate pre-warmed culture media immediately prior to administration. Vehicle controls matching the exact solvent concentration (e.g., final DMSO concentration <0.1% v/v) should be run in parallel to ensure that cellular responses are uniquely attributable to AICAR-mediated AMPK activation.
Procuring research-grade small molecules requires a reliable supply chain partner capable of offering full transparency, lot traceability, and domestic fulfillment. PX1 Research operates GMP-compliant, ISO 17025-accredited testing workflows within the USA. All orders ship directly from centralized centers in California and Arizona, offering same-day dispatch Monday through Friday to minimize transit delays.
Academic laboratories, biotechnology enterprises, and contract research organizations (CROs) requiring ongoing supply for large-scale screening protocols can access our specialized wholesale lab account program. This ensures consistent access to batch-verified AICAR liquid and associated reagents with complete analytical documentation for every lot.
What is the primary application of AICAR liquid in laboratory research?
AICAR liquid is used exclusively in laboratory settings as an allosteric activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Researchers utilize it to investigate metabolic pathways, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose uptake mechanics, and cellular energy homeostasis in vitro and in animal models.
How does AICAR activate the AMPK signaling pathway?
Once inside the cell, AICAR is phosphorylated by adenosine kinase into ZMP (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide). ZMP mimics endogenous AMP by binding to the γ-subunit of AMPK, inducing a conformational shift that promotes phosphorylation of Thr-172 on the catalytic α-subunit.
What analytical testing is performed on PX1 Research AICAR liquid?
Every lot of AICAR liquid undergoes high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for purity determination, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for mass identity verification, and LAL assays to confirm endotoxin levels remain below 0.01 EU/mg.
How should AICAR liquid be stored in the laboratory?
AICAR liquid solutions should be stored at -20°C or -80°C for long-term stability. Researchers should prepare single-use working aliquots to prevent damage caused by repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Is AICAR liquid suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use?
No. AICAR liquid provided by PX1 Research is strictly designated for laboratory research use only (RUO). It is not intended for human or animal therapeutic, clinical, diagnostic, or recreational use under any circumstances.
What solvent vehicles are used to formulate AICAR liquid?
PX1 Research formulates AICAR liquid using high-purity laboratory grade DMSO or standardized sterile aqueous buffers designed to maintain solute equilibrium and prevent hydrolysis during storage.
Where are PX1 Research compounds manufactured and shipped from?
All PX1 Research compounds are manufactured under strict quality standards within the USA and shipped directly from fulfillment hubs in California and Arizona with same-day shipping available Monday through Friday.
How does AICAR differ from direct nuclear metabolic regulators like GW501516?
AICAR works as an enzymatic nucleoside analog that activates AMPK via intracellular ZMP generation. Compounds like GW501516 act directly as nuclear receptor agonists targeting PPARδ, bypassing AMPK phosphorylation pathways entirely.
All products are sold strictly for laboratory and research use only. Not for human or veterinary use, diagnosis, treatment or consumption. Statements have not been evaluated by the FDA.