SS-31 50mg — Vial Spec, Reconstitution Math & COA

SS-31 50mg Laboratory Specification & Target Applications

A 50mg research vial of SS-31 contains a high-purity, lyophilized cake of the synthetic tetrapeptide D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2 (Elamipretide). Designed specifically for high-density assay formats and large-scale preclinical trials, this 50mg fill size allows research teams to maintain an identical lot origin across extensive experimental blocks, reducing intra-assay variability caused by batch transitions.

Principal investigators and laboratory managers typically select a 50mg mass when conducting multi-well microplate assays (such as Seahorse XF metabolic profiling), long-term cell viability series, or high-dosage rodent model investigations. Supplying 50mg in a single vacuum-sealed vial minimizes container overhead and packaging variables, ensuring that large-volume working solutions maintain absolute concentration consistency across all experimental replicates.

Molecular Structure and Preclinical Mechanism of Action

SS-31 is a cell-permeable, mitochondria-targeted peptide structured with alternating aromatic and basic amino acid residues. Its primary molecular mechanism involves selective binding to cardiolipin—an essential polyunsaturated phospholipid localized almost exclusively within the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Cardiolipin plays a critical structural role in organizing electron transport chain (ETC) supercomplexes and maintaining membrane cristae architecture.

Preclinical studies suggest that by interacting with cardiolipin through electrostatic and hydrophobic forces, SS-31 prevents oxidative modification of the membrane bilayer. In vitro data indicate that this interaction helps stabilize cristae structures, optimizes electron transfer through Complex I and Complex III, attenuates electron leakage, and reduces excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation without uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation.

Reconstitution Math and Concentration Calculations for 50mg Mass

Accurate reconstitution of a 50mg mass requires careful volumetric calculation to achieve the target stock concentration needed for downstream serial dilutions. Because 50mg represents a substantial peptide mass, researchers must account for volumetric displacement when calculating final liquid volumes.

To establish standard laboratory working concentrations using common diluents (such as bacteriostatic water, sterile 0.9% sodium chloride, or plain double-distilled water), apply the following math:

• Reconstituting with 1.0 mL diluent yields a final concentration of 50.0 mg/mL (50.0 µg/µL). • Reconstituting with 2.0 mL diluent yields a final concentration of 25.0 mg/mL (25.0 µg/µL). • Reconstituting with 2.5 mL diluent yields a final concentration of 20.0 mg/mL (20.0 µg/µL). • Reconstituting with 5.0 mL diluent yields a final concentration of 10.0 mg/mL (10.0 µg/µL).

For custom assay volumes or micro-molar calculations tailored to specific multi-well plate setups, researchers should utilize our automated reconstitution calculator to quickly derive exact liquid-to-mass ratios.

Aliquot Planning and Stability Handling for Large-Mass Vials

Reconstituting a single 50mg vial generates a high-concentration stock solution that must be handled correctly to prevent enzymatic degradation, aggregation, or potency loss over extended research timelines. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles significantly destabilize peptide secondary structures and accelerate hydrolysis in aqueous solutions.

Once reconstituted under an aseptic laminar flow hood, the stock solution should immediately be divided into single-use, low-binding polypropylene microcentrifuge tubes (aliquots). Working aliquots intended for immediate use within 24 to 48 hours may be maintained at 2°C to 8°C. Long-term storage of reconstituted SS-31 aliquots requires deep freezing at -20°C or -80°C. Aliquots should only be thawed once immediately prior to addition to culture media or experimental buffers.

Comparing Research Vials: Standard Catalog Sizes vs. 50mg Mass

Choosing between different vial sizes depends on the experimental scope, sample size, and duration of the planned study. While a 50mg fill provides maximum efficiency for high-throughput or continuous animal models, smaller research projects often benefit from lower mass options to minimize solution shelf life after initial puncture.

PX1 Research maintains standard catalog offerings such as our individual SS-31 10mg vials, which are ideal for short-term pilot studies, single microplate assays, or preliminary dose-response curves. If your laboratory requires custom 50mg high-mass fills or dedicated bulk production runs not currently visible in the standard storefront, our team can prepare custom laboratory fill sizes under identical manufacturing controls. Exploring our comprehensive catalog of all peptides provides additional context on available sizes across our product lines.

Analytical Quality Standards: Lot-Matched HPLC and Mass Spectrometry

To ensure reproducible data across complex laboratory protocols, every lot of SS-31 manufactured for PX1 Research undergoes rigorous third-party analytical testing. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is performed to verify chromatographic purity, ensuring a threshold of ≥98.0%. Mass Spectrometry (MS) is simultaneously conducted to confirm molecular weight and sequence identity against theoretical parameters (exact molecular mass ~639.8 g/mol).

Furthermore, because mitochondrial assays and cell cultures are acutely sensitive to bacterial contaminants, each lot undergoes Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) testing to confirm low endotoxin levels (<0.01 EU/µg). Every shipment includes access to a lot-matched COA documenting full spectral analysis, purity percentages, and physical inspection metrics.

Comparative Analysis: SS-31, MOTS-c, and Humanin in Mitochondrial Protocols

When designing preclinical trials focused on mitochondrial bioenergetics, researchers frequently compare SS-31 with other targeted compounds in the same functional class. While SS-31 acts as a synthetic, cardiolipin-binding tetrapeptide focused directly on IMM structural integrity, mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) like MOTS-c function as metabolic signaling regulators encoded within the mitochondrial genome. Similarly, Humanin represents an MDP studied primarily for its cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. Evaluating these complementary mechanisms allows researchers to construct multifaceted protocols targeted at distinct aspects of cellular metabolic function within our broader mitochondrial peptides research framework.

Solubility, Buffering, and In Vitro Media Preparation

SS-31 exhibits high aqueous solubility due to its hydrophilic amino acid composition, featuring basic Lysine and Arginine residues. The lyophilized powder dissolves readily in sterile water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), or standard cell culture media without requiring organic co-solvents such as DMSO or ethanol.

When preparing stock solutions for cell culture applications, avoid vigorous vortexing, which can introduce shear stress and surface denaturation. Gentle inversion or mild swirling is recommended until the lyophilized cake fully dissolves into a clear, colorless solution. If filtered sterile reconstitution is required, utilize low-protein-binding 0.22 µm polyethersulfone (PES) or PTFE syringe filters to prevent mass loss during filtration.

Procurement, Wholesale Options, and Supply Chain Protocols for Labs

PX1 Research supports academic institutions, biotechnology organizations, and contract research organizations (CROs) with reliable domestic peptide supply chains. All standard and high-mass peptide vials ship directly from our state-of-the-art logistics centers in California and Arizona, ensuring fast delivery and temperature-controlled handling.

For institutions planning large-scale screening campaigns or requiring ongoing scheduled fills of 50mg vials, our wholesale portal provides custom volume tiering, dedicated account coordination, and batch reservation services. Orders processed Monday through Friday before cut-off times qualify for same-day dispatch to maintain unbroken laboratory workflows. Browse our extensive documentation hub in the research library for additional handling guidelines and theoretical literature.