5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium (CAS 42464-96-0) is a small-molecule quinolinium derivative that functions as a selective, membrane-permeable inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). PubChem 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium entries record its chemical structure, monoisotopic mass, and molecular formula (C10H11N2+). Preclinical investigations utilize high-purity 5-Amino-1MQ to study cellular NAD+ salvage pathways, mitochondrial energy homeostasis, and metabolic regulation in vitro and in animal models.
5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium (CAS 42464-96-0) is a small-molecule quinolinium derivative that functions as a selective, membrane-permeable inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). PubChem 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium entries record its chemical structure, monoisotopic mass, and molecular formula (C10H11N2+). Preclinical investigations utilize high-purity 5-Amino-1MQ to study cellular NAD+ salvage pathways, mitochondrial energy homeostasis, and metabolic regulation in vitro and in animal models.
5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium, frequently referenced in chemical databases under CAS 42464-96-0, represents a pivotal small-molecule tool in modern metabolic research. Unlike traditional peptide chains composed of amino acid sequences, 5-Amino-1MQ is a cationic quinolinium compound developed specifically to interact with intracellular methyltransferases. Researchers evaluating PubChem 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium data often focus on its ability to permeate cell membranes without requiring dedicated active transport proteins.
In biochemical assays, the primary role of 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium centers on its potency as a selective inhibitor of the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). By arresting the activity of NNMT, laboratories can investigate the preservation of nicotinamide (NAM) and its downstream conversion into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Investigating these pathways provides critical insight into cellular energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and mitochondrial respiration across diverse cell lines.
According to standard PubChem 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium database records, the cation possesses a molecular formula of C10H11N2+ with a formula weight (monoisotopic mass) of approximately 159.21 g/mol for the active parent ion. When supplied as a salt—most commonly 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium iodide—the total molecular weight shifts to approximately 286.11 g/mol to account for the iodide counterion balance. Laboratories acquiring 5-Amino-1MQ must account for these mass variances when calculating molar concentrations for liquid chromatography or in vitro assays.
Chemical registry databases list several key identifiers for this agent. The IUPAC name is 5-amino-1-methylquinolin-1-ium, and its CAS registry number is 42464-96-0 (or 42464-96-0 for the iodide salt form). Standard canonical SMILES representation is C1=CC(=C2C(=C1)N+C)N. Because 5-Amino-1MQ is a non-peptidic organic salt rather than a chain of linked amino acids, it does not possess a peptide sequence, secondary folding structures, or peptide bonds.
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a cytosolic enzyme responsible for methylating nicotinamide using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as the methyl donor, producing 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). This methylation step effectively removes nicotinamide from the salvage pathway, preventing its conversion to nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and subsequently NAD+. Preclinical studies suggest that high NNMT expression correlates with depleted intracellular NAD+ pools and reduced mitochondrial phosphorylation efficiency.
In vitro data indicate that 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium acts as a charge-mimetic inhibitor of NNMT. By binding to the active site of the enzyme, CAS 42464-96-0 blocks the transfer of the methyl group from SAM to nicotinamide. Consequently, the intracellular availability of SAM and NAM remains elevated, allowing NAM to be redirected back through the NAD+ salvage pathway via NAMPT. Researchers exploring NAD+ path research utilize 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium to measure shifts in cellular redox states, SIRT1 activation, and PARP enzymatic activity.
Preclinical rodent models have demonstrated that the administration of selective NNMT inhibitors alters metabolic kinetics in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In high-fat diet rodent studies, targeted inhibition of NNMT by 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium resulted in increased intracellular NAD+ and SAM levels, which promoted basal metabolic rate and elevated oxygen consumption in adipocytes without suppressing nutrient intake.
Furthermore, researchers examine 5-Amino-1MQ to evaluate mitochondrial biogenesis and fat-metabolism dynamics. In vitro assays using cultured myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes demonstrate enhanced expression of GLUT4 and UCP-1 following exposure to 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium, signaling shifts in energy utilization. Laboratories studying metabolic dysfunction, muscle fiber composition, and cellular senescence frequently cross-reference data from our all peptides catalog to combine small-molecule NNMT inhibitors with complementary signaling peptides in controlled experimental setups.
When evaluating small-molecule agents alongside mitochondrial peptides, principal investigators frequently compare 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium against mitochondrial-derived peptides like MOTS-c and selective ERRα agonists such as SLU-PP-332. While all three target metabolic pathways, their molecular mechanisms and chemical properties differ substantially.
5-Amino-1MQ functions strictly through direct enzymatic inhibition of NNMT in the cytoplasm, preserving NAD+ precursor availability. Conversely, MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial genome that translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress to regulate folate cycle intermediates and AMPK activation. Meanwhile, SLU-PP-332 acts as a synthetic estrogen-related receptor (ERR) agonist to upregulate nuclear genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Combining small molecules like CAS 42464-96-0 with peptidic regulators allows researchers to analyze convergent pathways in mitochondrial energetics.
Proper handling of 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium is necessary to preserve chemical stability and yield reproducible experimental results. As a quaternary ammonium salt, 5-Amino-1MQ iodide exhibits distinct solubility characteristics compared to hydrophobic small molecules or uncharged peptides:
1. Solvent Selection: 5-Amino-1MQ is soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at concentrations exceeding 20 mg/mL. It exhibits moderate solubility in sterile deionized water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), though mild sonication or gentle vortexing may be required to achieve full dissolution in aqueous media.
2. Reconstitution Strategy: For cell culture applications, stock solutions are typically prepared in sterile DMSO, filtered through a 0.22 µm PTFE syringe filter, and subsequently diluted into culture media to ensure organic solvent concentrations remain below 0.1% v/v.
3. Thermal Stability & Storage: Lyophilized powder forms of CAS 42464-96-0 should be stored at -20°C in a desiccated container protected from light. Reconstituted liquid stock aliquots should be stored at -80°C to prevent hydrolysis or salt precipitation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
To guarantee that researchers receive baseline-accurate reagents for analytical measurements, PX1 Research implements rigorous testing frameworks for every lot of 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium.
Each batch undergoes reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to verify chemical purity (>99%) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to confirm the exact molecular ion mass corresponding to CAS 42464-96-0. Additionally, analytical testing includes quantitative endotoxin evaluation using Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assays to ensure suitability for sensitive cell culture environments. Institutional buyers seeking high-volume reagents for high-throughput screening can review specifications via our wholesale portal.
The table below outlines key chemical, structural, and analytical specifications comparing 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium with common metabolic research tools:
• Chemical Formula: 5-Amino-1MQ = C10H11N2+ (Ion) | MOTS-c = C101H152N28O22S2 | SLU-PP-332 = C20H12F7NO3 • Molecular Weight: 5-Amino-1MQ = 159.21 g/mol (ion), 286.11 g/mol (iodide) | MOTS-c = 2174.6 g/mol | SLU-PP-332 = 447.33 g/mol • Primary Mechanism: 5-Amino-1MQ = Direct NNMT Inhibition | MOTS-c = Nuclear translocation / AMPK activation | SLU-PP-332 = ERRα/β/γ Agonism • Chemical Class: 5-Amino-1MQ = Quaternary Quinolinium Salt | MOTS-c = Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide | SLU-PP-332 = Synthetic Small-Molecule Agonist • Primary Research Focus: 5-Amino-1MQ = NAD+ Preservation & Adipose Metabolism | MOTS-c = Metabolic Homeostasis & Insulin Sensitivity | SLU-PP-332 = Endurance & Oxidative Capacity
By utilizing fully characterized compounds backed by lot-specific COAs, laboratories can isolate specific metabolic targets and eliminate variables caused by reagent impurities.
What is pubchem 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium?
PubChem 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium refers to the standard chemical database entry for the small-molecule compound CAS 42464-96-0. It is a membrane-permeable quaternary quinolinium derivative studied in laboratory settings as a selective inhibitor of the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT).
What is the CAS number for 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium?
The CAS registry number for 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium (cation form) is 42464-96-0. When supplied as a iodide salt for laboratory research, it is frequently designated under the same primary registry entry or sub-listed as 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium iodide.
What is the molecular weight of 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium?
The monoisotopic molecular weight of the 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium cation is approximately 159.21 g/mol. When synthesized as an iodide salt, the compound has a combined molecular mass of approximately 286.11 g/mol.
What is the amino acid sequence of 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium?
5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium does not have an amino acid sequence. It is a synthetic small-molecule aromatic quinolinium salt, not a peptide composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
How does 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium affect NAD+ levels in vitro?
In vitro studies demonstrate that 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium inhibits NNMT, preventing the irreversible methylation of nicotinamide into 1-methylnicotinamide. This leaves more nicotinamide available for the salvage pathway to synthesize NAD+.
What solvents are recommended for reconstituting 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium in laboratory experiments?
5-Amino-1MQ is readily soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) up to 20 mg/mL. It can also be dissolved in aqueous buffer systems such as PBS (pH 7.4) with gentle vortexing or mild sonication.
How should 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium powder be stored?
Lyophilized solid powder should be stored tightly sealed at -20°C, desaturated, and protected from light. Reconstituted stock solutions in DMSO should be aliquoted and stored at -80°C to minimize degradation.
How is 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium verified for purity at PX1 Research?
PX1 Research verifies each lot of 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium using Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) for purity determination (>99%) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) for structural confirmation, accompanied by endotoxin assay testing.
Is 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium suitable for human consumption or administration?
No. 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium is sold strictly for laboratory research, in vitro assays, and preclinical animal research. It is not approved for human or veterinary use, medical treatment, or clinical application.
Where does PX1 Research ship 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium orders from?
All PX1 Research orders are processed and shipped same-day (Monday through Friday) directly from our distribution facilities located in California and Arizona.
All products are sold strictly for laboratory and research use only. Not for human or veterinary use, diagnosis, treatment or consumption. Statements have not been evaluated by the FDA.