PX1 Research provides analytical-grade Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) 500mg vials synthesized specifically for rigorous in vitro and preclinical research applications. Every lot undergoes stringent RP-HPLC purity testing, mass spectrometry verification, and endotoxin screening to guarantee reproducible experimental outcomes across metabolic and cellular bioenergetics models.
PX1 Research provides analytical-grade Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) 500mg vials synthesized specifically for rigorous in vitro and preclinical research applications. Every lot undergoes stringent RP-HPLC purity testing, mass spectrometry verification, and endotoxin screening to guarantee reproducible experimental outcomes across metabolic and cellular bioenergetics models.
Investigators seeking to buy NAD+ 500mg for qualified scientific research require high-purity, stable Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide formulated without standard commercial fillers. PX1 Research supplies 500mg lyophilized vials engineered for precision bioenergetics assays, enzymatic kinetic evaluations, and mitochondrial function modeling. Each unit is manufactured in USA-based, GMP-compliant facilities and backed by an independent third-party Certificate of Analysis (COA).
When purchasing from our catalog, laboratories receive full lot-specific transparency. To order our standardized lyophilized unit, inspect the NAD+ 500mg product page for current batch documentation, or browse our complete all peptides catalog to source complementary research compounds.
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential pyridine nucleotide coenzyme found in all living cells. Structurally consisting of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups—one containing an adenine nucleobase and the other nicotinamide—NAD+ functions as a primary electron acceptor and donor in essential cellular redox reactions.
In basic metabolic pathways, NAD+ cycles between its oxidized state (NAD+) and reduced state (NADH). During glycolysis, beta-oxidation, and the citric acid cycle (TCA), NAD+ accepts high-energy electrons to form NADH, which subsequently feeds electrons into Complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Beyond its classical role in substrate-level phosphorylation, NAD+ serves as a rate-limiting cosubstrate for three major classes of signaling enzymes: the sirtuin family of protein deacetylases (SIRT1–SIRT7), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), and cyclic ADP-ribose synthases (CD38/CD157).
Preclinical data indicate that the availability of intracellular NAD+ directly dictates sirtuin activation, modulating downstream genetic networks involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress responses, and chromatin remodeling. For an in-depth breakdown of these signaling pathways, review our technical document on NAD+ cellular mechanisms.
Academic interest in NAD+ biology has expanded rapidly due to accumulating data from animal models and in vitro tissue preparations. In cell culture models, maintaining physiological or elevated NAD+ levels has been shown to sustain mitochondrial membrane potential, prevent the collapse of the ATP/ADP ratio during oxidative challenges, and suppress excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation.
Rodent studies exploring metabolic decline indicate that tissue levels of NAD+ drop significantly with chronological age and high-fat diet stress. In vivo experiments using rodent models demonstrate that restoration of the NAD+ pool supports microvascular integrity, enhances skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, and promotes neuronal survival under hypoxic conditions. Investigators frequently measure target parameters including oxygen consumption rate (OCR), extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and nuclear-mitochondrial genomic communication when administering NAD+ to experimental cultures.
When designing protocols to investigate metabolic flux and cellular senescence, researchers frequently compare direct NAD+ administration against intermediate precursors and enzymatic inhibitors. While direct NAD+ serves as an immediate coenzyme for in vitro enzymatic assays and isolated organelle incubations, systemic in vivo transport of intact NAD+ relies on specific extracellular degradation and salvage pathways.
To provide a clear context for selecting the appropriate laboratory compound, consider the following structural and mechanistic distinctions among related metabolic agents:
Direct NAD+: Directly restores the coenzyme pool in acellular assays and permabilized cell preparations without requiring precursor conversion steps.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN): Functions as a direct downstream precursor to NAD+ within the salvage pathway, utilizing NMN transporters (e.g., Slc12a8) to cross cellular membranes before enzymatic conversion by NMNAT.
5-Amino-1MQ: Operates as a selective small-molecule inhibitor of Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), indirectly elevating endogenous NAD+ pools by preventing the irreversible methylation and clearance of nicotinamide. Researchers interested in enzyme-mediated salvage pathways can review our 5-Amino-1MQ research compound.
Mitochondrial-Targeted Peptides: Compounds such as SS-31 target cardiolipin to stabilize mitochondrial inner membrane structure directly, acting synergistically with NAD+-dependent bioenergetic pathways without altering nucleotide concentrations.
Lyophilized NAD+ 500mg must be reconstituted under sterile conditions within a laminar flow hood to maintain compound integrity and prevent microbial contamination. Because NAD+ is sensitive to thermal degradation, moisture, and pH fluctuations, strict adherence to handling protocols is required for analytical precision.
1. Reconstitution Medium: Dissolve the 500mg lyophilized cake using sterile bacteriostatic water, sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), or molecular biology-grade water depending on downstream assay parameters.
2. Solubilization: Gently swirl or invert the vial until the solid is completely dissolved. Avoid vigorous vortexing or sonicating, which can introduce shear stress and accelerate compound degradation.
3. Concentration Management: Calculating target molar concentrations should account for the molecular weight of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (663.43 g/mol free acid basis). A standard 500mg yield in 10 mL diluent yields a 50 mg/mL concentration (~75.36 mM).
4. Aliquoting & Storage: Stock solutions should be aliquoted into sterile, low-binding microcentrifuge tubes to prevent repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store reconstituted aliquots at -80°C for long-term storage or -20°C for short-term experimental series (under 30 days). Protect solutions from prolonged light exposure.
Research validity depends entirely on the chemical purity and structural fidelity of the reagents tested. Low-grade or improperly stored NAD+ can suffer from spontaneous hydrolysis into nicotinamide and ADP-ribose, producing misleading kinetic data in enzyme assays.
PX1 Research enforces strict analytical standards for every lot of NAD+ 500mg:
Reverse-Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC): Ensures chemical purity exceeds 98.0%. Chromatographic separation verifies the absence of residual synthetic intermediates, degradation products, or unreacted precursors.
Mass Spectrometry (MS): Confirms exact molecular identity and monoisotopic mass matching theoretical spectra for C21H27N7O14P2.
Endotoxin Testing: Quantitative Chromogenic LAL (Limulus Amebocyte Lysate) testing ensures endotoxin levels remain strictly below standard threshold limits (<0.05 EU/mg), preventing non-specific inflammatory signaling in cell culture models.
Every shipment includes lot-matched COA access. Researchers can review verification methodologies via our central PX1 research portal.
PX1 Research operates as a dedicated supplier of research-grade peptides and biochemicals exclusively for laboratory experimentation. Our supply chain is structured to mitigate the common failure modes of research sourcing, including batch-to-batch variability, baseline contamination, and unverified purity claims.
Key operational standards include USA-based manufacturing, ISO 17025 accredited analytical testing, and cold-chain compliance throughout production. Orders ship directly from our centralized distribution hubs in California and Arizona with same-day dispatch for orders confirmed before 12:00 PM PST (Monday through Friday).
For institutions establishing ongoing experimental series or high-throughput screening initiatives, bulk supply options are available via our dedicated wholesale laboratory program.
What is the molecular weight and formula of NAD+ 500mg?
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) has a chemical formula of C21H27N7O14P2 and a molecular weight of 663.43 g/mol in its free acid form. PX1 Research provides exact mass verification via mass spectrometry with every lot.
How should lyophilized NAD+ 500mg be stored upon receipt?
Unreconstituted, lyophilized NAD+ 500mg should be stored at -20°C or -80°C in a desiccated environment protected from light. Under these conditions, the powder remains stable for up to 24 months.
What diluents are recommended for reconstituting NAD+ for in vitro assays?
Common diluents include sterile bacteriostatic water, sterile nuclease-free water, or room-temperature phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4). Choice of solvent depends on the sensitivity of the downstream cell culture or enzymatic assay.
Does PX1 Research provide a lot-specific Certificate of Analysis?
Yes. Every batch of NAD+ 500mg undergoes third-party testing including RP-HPLC purity verification, mass spectrometry for structural identity, and LAL endotoxin quantification. COAs are accessible directly through the PX1 platform.
Can NAD+ 500mg be used for human consumption or therapeutic administration?
No. NAD+ 500mg supplied by PX1 Research is strictly designated for laboratory research, in vitro studies, and preclinical animal experimentation. It is not intended for human or veterinary use, medical treatment, or clinical administration.
What is the difference between NAD+ and NADH in research assays?
NAD+ represents the oxidized state of the coenzyme, acting as an electron acceptor and sirtuin cosubstrate. NADH represents the reduced state, acting as an electron donor in oxidative phosphorylation. Assays often measure the NAD+/NADH ratio to quantify cellular redox status.
How quickly do orders ship from PX1 Research?
Orders placed Monday through Friday before 12:00 PM PST ship same-day from our fulfillment facilities located in California and Arizona.
What are the endotoxin limits for PX1 Research NAD+ batches?
PX1 Research enforces strict endotoxin screening via Chromogenic LAL assays, ensuring endotoxin levels test below standard experimental limits (<0.05 EU/mg) to prevent unwanted immunological responses in cultured cells.
All products are sold strictly for laboratory and research use only. Not for human or veterinary use, diagnosis, treatment or consumption. Statements have not been evaluated by the FDA.